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On Tyranny – Self-Study Units 1–5

This self-study program is based on practical application ofkey ideas from Timothy Snyder’s *On Tyranny*. Although you do not need to have
read the book to use this material, it would be a good idea. It is a short but powerful book: https://a.co/d/1R6X2sL

For each unit:
• Read the short lesson explanations
• Complete the roleplays and multiple-choice questions (roleplay numbering
restarts in each unit)
• Review the clearly labeled Answer Key

Unit 1 – Defend Institutions & Remember Professional Ethics

Defend Institutions: Institutions are rules and systems thatprevent power from being misused. When people stop questioning or using them,
decisions quietly shift into fewer hands.

Remember Professional Ethics: Professional ethics guide whatis right even when authority or convenience pressures you otherwise. They
matter most when following them is uncomfortable.

Roleplays and Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Roleplay 1: A routine oversight step is skipped to savetime. What do you do?
A. Accept it as efficiency
B. Ask how oversight will be handled
C. Say nothing
D. Focus on your own tasks

Roleplay 2: A senior colleague suggests bending a rule ‘justthis once.’ What do you do?
A. Agree to help
B. Ask whether this aligns with policy
C. Assume it’s harmless
D. Stay silent

Roleplay 3: A professional standard is described asoutdated. What do you do?
A. Ignore it
B. Apply it selectively
C. Continue applying it consistently
D. Wait for revision

Roleplay 4: Responsibility is reassigned withoutexplanation. What do you do?
A. Accept it
B. Ask who approved the change
C. Document privately
D. Avoid involvement

Roleplay 5: Ethical concerns are labeled ‘impractical.’ Whatdo you do?
A. Drop them
B. Restate calmly
C. Escalate angrily
D. Withdraw

Roleplay 6: A process exists but is rarely used. What do youdo?
A. Ignore it
B. Use it anyway
C. Wait for instruction
D. Assume it no longer matters

Answer Key

Roleplay 1 – Correct: B. Institutions matter when they slowthings down.

Roleplay 2 – Correct: B. Ethics require alignment withstandards, not favors.

Roleplay 3 – Correct: C. Consistency protects integrity.

Roleplay 4 – Correct: B. Authority should be accountable.

Roleplay 5 – Correct: B. Calm persistence preserves ethics.

Roleplay 6 – Correct: B. Institutions only protect if used.

Unit 2 – Do Not Obey in Advance & Stand Out

Do Not Obey in Advance: Freedom is often lost because peoplecomply before they are required to. Early obedience teaches authority what it
can get away with.
Stand Out: Silence makes harmful actions seem normal. Often,one person speaking first gives others permission to speak too.

Roleplays and MCQs

Roleplay 1: An informal rule discourages questions. What do you do?
A. Follow it
B. Ask where it’s written
C. Stay quiet
D. Adapt silently

Roleplay 2: Others change behavior before a policy exists.What do you do?
A. Join them
B. Wait for official guidance
C. Assume it’s expected
D. Avoid attention

Roleplay 3: Topics disappear from meetings. What do you do?
A. Accept it
B. Mention one neutrally
C. Discuss privately
D. Drop it entirely

Roleplay 4: A concern is met with silence. What do you do?
A. Wait
B. Ask a question
C. Message later
D. Stay silent

Roleplay 5: You’re told you’re overreacting. What do you do?
A. Withdraw
B. Escalate
C. Restate calmly
D. Drop it

Roleplay 6: Everyone already agreed. What do you do?
A. Agree
B. Ask a question
C. Say nothing
D. Message privately

Answer Key

Roleplay 1 – Correct: B. Anticipatory obedience thrives onvagueness.

Roleplay 2 – Correct: B. Waiting preserves agency.

Roleplay 3 – Correct: B. Testing silence resistsnormalization.

Roleplay 4 – Correct: B. Standing out can be gentle.

Roleplay 5 – Correct: C. Calm persistence invites others.

Roleplay 6 – Correct: B. Questions slow momentum.

Unit 3 – Be Kind to Our Language & Believe in Truth

Be Kind to Our Language: Words shape how people understandreality. Vague or softened language can hide serious problems.
Believe in Truth: Facts matter even when uncomfortable.Without shared facts, people lose common ground.

Roleplays and MCQs

Roleplay 1: ‘Failure’ is replaced with ‘unexpected outcome.’What do you do?
A. Accept
B. Footnote
C. Keep original
D. Soften all language

Roleplay 2: A vague term appears everywhere. What do you do?
A. Adopt it
B. Ask for definition
C. Assume intent
D. Avoid it

Roleplay 3: A slogan is repeated without meaning. What doyou do?
A. Repeat it
B. Stay silent
C. Ask what it means
D. Counter with another slogan

Roleplay 4: ‘Both sides’ is used to dismiss facts. What doyou do?
A. Agree
B. Disengage
C. Ask about evidence
D. Argue forcefully

Roleplay 5: A viral claim lacks verification. What do youdo?
A. Share
B. Wait for confirmation
C. Share with disclaimer
D. Trust popularity

Roleplay 6: A statistic is misleading but common. What doyou do?
A. Keep using it
B. Stop privately
C. Explain limits
D. Ignore it

Answer Key

Roleplay 1 – Correct: C. Accuracy resists euphemism.

Roleplay 2 – Correct: B. Clarity resists power drift.

Roleplay 3 – Correct: C. Meaning matters.

Roleplay 4 – Correct: C. Evidence anchors truth.

Roleplay 5 – Correct: B. Truth needs time.

Roleplay 6 – Correct: C. Correcting gently sustains truth.

Unit 4 – Investigate & Listen for Dangerous Words

Investigate: Not everything that sounds convincing is true.Checking sources prevents manipulation.

Listen for Dangerous Words: Terms like ‘enemy’ or endless‘emergency’ signal rising risk.

Roleplays and MCQs

Roleplay 1: An unverified claim spreads. What do you do?
A. Share
B. Wait for confirmation
C. Share cautiously
D. Trust feeling

Roleplay 2: A famous person speaks outside expertise. Whatdo you do?
A. Believe
B. Repeat carefully
C. Check evidence
D. Ignore

Roleplay 3: It’s too much work to check. What do you do?
A. Trust summary
B. Delay judgment
C. Trust peers
D. Disengage

Roleplay 4: Emergency powers lack end date. What do you do?
A. Support
B. Ask for limits
C. Assume later
D. Treat dissent as disloyal

Roleplay 5: Critics are called ‘enemies.’ What do you do?
A. Adopt language
B. Stay silent
C. Ask what actions justify it
D. Assume rhetoric

Roleplay 6: ‘Real members’ language appears. What do you do?
A. Accept
B. Disengage
C. Question definitions
D. Assume symbolic

Answer Key

Roleplay 1 – Correct: B. Verification slows fear.

Roleplay 2 – Correct: C. Evidence beats authority.

Roleplay 3 – Correct: B. Delay beats error.

Roleplay 4 – Correct: B. Limits protect liberty.

Roleplay 5 – Correct: C. Labels need evidence.

Roleplay 6 – Correct: C. Boundary language signals danger.

Unit 5 – Make Eye Contact and Small Talk & Practice Corporeal Politics

Make Eye Contact and Small Talk: Simple human connection builds trust and reduces fear.

Practice Corporeal Politics: Physical presence keeps civic life real.

Roleplays and MCQs

Roleplay 1: A stranger looks unsettled. What do you do?
A. Ignore
B. Make neutral comment
C. Avoid eye contact
D. Watch silently

Roleplay 2: A neighbor disappears. What do you do?
A. Assume busy
B. Ask others
C. Check in casually
D. Avoid

Roleplay 3: Newcomers sit alone. What do you do?
A. Stay comfortable
B. Greet them
C. Wait
D. Assume preference

Roleplay 4: Engagement is online-only. What do you do?
A. Post only
B. Attend meeting
C. Wait
D. Assume digital is enough

Roleplay 5: Attendance declines. What do you do?
A. Stop attending
B. Attend sometimes
C. Attend consistently
D. Write feedback only

Roleplay 6: Lawful gathering has mild risk. What do you do?
A. Avoid
B. Support privately
C. Attend briefly
D. Wait

Answer Key

Roleplay 1 – Correct: B. Human presence matters.

Roleplay 2 – Correct: C. Social bonds protect.

Roleplay 3 – Correct: B. Inclusion begins small.

Roleplay 4 – Correct: B. Presence affirms civic reality.

Roleplay 5 – Correct: C. Consistency sustains institutions.

Roleplay 6 – Correct: C. Presence is participation.

On Tyranny – Final Roleplay Assessment

This final assessment helps you apply the ideas you havepracticed in the previous units. Choose the response closest to what you would
actually do, then review the Answer Key.

Quick Review of Units

Defend Institutions: Institutions prevent misuse of power.

Remember Professional Ethics: Ethics guide right action evenwhen inconvenient.

Do Not Obey in Advance: Early compliance erodes freedom.

Stand Out: Silence normalizes harm.

Be Kind to Our Language: Words shape reality.

Believe in Truth: Shared facts matter.

Investigate: Verification prevents manipulation.

Listen for Dangerous Words: Certain terms signal danger.

Make Eye Contact and Small Talk: Human connection reduces fear.

Practice Corporeal Politics: Physical presence sustainscivic life.

Final Roleplays and MCQs

Roleplay 1: A routine process disappears quietly.
A. Accept it
B. Ask when approved
C. Say nothing
D. Adapt quietly

Roleplay 2: A warning spreads without sources.
A. Share
B. Ignore
C. Ask for evidence
D. Add disclaimer

Roleplay 3: Consensus forms early.
A. Agree
B. Stay silent
C. Ask a question
D. Message privately

Roleplay 4: Critics are labeled enemies.
A. Accept rhetoric
B. Avoid
C. Ask what actions justify it
D. Escalate

Roleplay 5: Engagement is online-only.
A. Post only
B. Attend in person
C. Wait
D. Assume others attend

Roleplay 6: Details removed to avoid scrutiny.
A. Comply
B. Ask why
C. Remove later
D. Stay silent

Roleplay 7: Unwritten rules appear.
A. Follow
B. Ask where documented
C. Wait
D. Self-censor

Roleplay 8: Info moves to private channels.
A. Join
B. Trust friends
C. Ask why
D. Withdraw

Roleplay 9: Emotional claim lacks evidence.
A. Support
B. Ask for evidence
C. Stay silent
D. Assume later clarity

Roleplay 10: Oversight dropped.
A. Accept
B. Ask how handled
C. Assume correction
D. Focus on self

Roleplay 11: Vague threat term appears.
A. Adopt
B. Avoid
C. Ask definition
D. Assume intent

Roleplay 12: False claim goes unchallenged.
A. Let pass
B. Challenge forcefully
C. Ask clarifying question
D. Correct privately

Roleplay 13: In-person forums shrink.
A. Online only
B. Attend
C. Wait
D. Assume equivalent

Roleplay 14: Protective rule ignored.
A. Ignore
B. Selective use
C. Apply consistently
D. Wait revision

Roleplay 15: Crisis has no end.
A. Support powers
B. Ask limits
C. Trust later
D. Avoid questioning

Roleplay 16: Professional body silent.
A. Support silence
B. Ask responsibility
C. Assume neutrality
D. Disengage

Roleplay 17: Popular figure errs.
A. Ignore
B. Repeat with caveat
C. Refer to evidence
D. Withdraw

Roleplay 18: Attendance drops.
A. Stop attending
B. Attend selectively
C. Attend consistently
D. Rely on summaries

Roleplay 19: Insider language grows.
A. Accept
B. Avoid
C. Ask who defines it
D. Assume symbolic

Roleplay 20: Practice legal but troubling.
A. Accept legality
B. Set aside concern
C. Ask if legality enough
D. Assume oversight

Final Answer Key

Roleplay 1 – Correct Answer: B
Roleplay 2 – Correct Answer: C
Roleplay 3 – Correct Answer: C
Roleplay 4 – Correct Answer: C
Roleplay 5 – Correct Answer: B
Roleplay 6 – Correct Answer: B
Roleplay 7 – Correct Answer: B
Roleplay 8 – Correct Answer: C
Roleplay 9 – Correct Answer: B
Roleplay 10 – Correct Answer: B
Roleplay 11 – Correct Answer: C
Roleplay 12 – Correct Answer: C
Roleplay 13 – Correct Answer: B
Roleplay 14 – Correct Answer: C
Roleplay 15 – Correct Answer: B
Roleplay 16 – Correct Answer: B

Roleplay 17 – Correct Answer: C

Roleplay 18 – Correct Answer: C

Roleplay 19 – Correct Answer: C

Roleplay 20 – Correct Answer: C

Analysis of Final Assessment Mutiple Choice Options

Roleplay 1 – Correct Answer: B

· A: Treats convenience as a valid reason tobypass institutions.

· B: Restores responsibility by asking how thechange was authorized.

· C: Normalizes an unofficial rule throughcompliance.

· D: Preserves memory but does not defend institutional function.

Roleplay 2 – Correct Answer: C

· A: Spreads fear faster than facts.

· B: Avoids inquiry rather than practicing it.

· C: Demands evidence and interrupts vague threat language.

· D: Adds credibility to an unverified claim.

Roleplay 3 – Correct Answer: C

· A: Obeys group momentum rather than personaljudgment.

· B: Maintains appearance while giving up agency.

· C: Slows decision-making without confrontation.

· D: Removes dissent from the public record.

Roleplay 4 – Correct Answer: C

· A: Treats harmful language as harmless emotion.

· B: Withdraws instead of challenging escalation.

· C: Forces words back to evidence and meaning.

· D: Escalates tone without increasing clarity.

Roleplay 5 – Correct Answer: B

· A: Replaces presence with commentary.

· B: Maintains civic reality through physical attendance.

· C: Delays engagement until choices narrow.

· D: Transfers responsibility to others.

Roleplay 6 – Correct Answer: B

· A: Accepts reduced transparency without question.

· B: Asks for justification rather than complying early.

· C: Plans future compliance instead of resisting now.

· D: Models silent obedience.

Roleplay 7 – Correct Answer: B

· A: Treats informal pressure as authority.

· B: Requires rules to be explicit and accountable.

· C: Waits for punishment instead of acting.

· D: Self-censors without confirmation.

Roleplay 8 – Correct Answer: C

· A: Accepts secrecy as normal.

· B: Outsources judgment to social circles.

· C: Challenges the move away from public accountability.

· D: Withdraws instead of resisting.

Roleplay 9 – Correct Answer: B

· A: Confuses emotion with evidence.

· B: Requests proof before agreement.

· C: Protects comfort at the expense of truth.

· D: Assumes clarity without cause.

Roleplay 10 – Correct Answer: B

· A: Treats loss of oversight as unavoidable.

· B: Insists oversight still be addressed.

· C: Assumes systems self-correct.

· D: Narrows responsibility too far.

Roleplay 11 – Correct Answer: C

· A: Normalizes undefined language.

· B: Avoids confusion rather than resolving it.

· C: Forces vague terms to be clarified.

· D: Accepts ambiguity as intentional.

Roleplay 12 – Correct Answer: C

· A: Allows falsehood to stand unchallenged.

· B: Escalates unnecessarily.

· C: Corrects gently while preserving discussion.

· D: Removes correction from shared space.

Roleplay 13 – Correct Answer: B

· A: Treats online engagement as sufficient.

· B: Maintains public decision-making through presence.

· C: Waits for conditions to improve.

· D: Confuses reach with accountability.

Roleplay 14 – Correct Answer: C

· A: Replaces ethics with conformity.

· B: Applies rules selectively rather than consistently.

· C: Maintains safeguards despite inconvenience.

· D: Defers responsibility to the future.

Roleplay 15 – Correct Answer: B

· A: Grants power without limits.

· B: Tests crisis claims against clear criteria.

· C: Trusts authority without boundaries.

· D: Treats questioning as disloyal.

Roleplay 16 – Correct Answer: B

· A: Confuses silence with neutrality.

· B: Links professional responsibility to public action.

· C: Protects image over ethics.

· D: Avoids engagement altogether.

Roleplay 17 – Correct Answer: C

· A: Avoids discomfort at the cost of truth.

· B: Repeats error with reduced responsibility.

· C: Grounds discussion in independent evidence.

· D: Withdraws instead of correcting.

Roleplay 18 – Correct Answer: C

· A: Accelerates civic decay.

· B: Makes participation conditional.

· C: Sustains oversight through presence.

· D: Removes accountability.

Roleplay 19 – Correct Answer: C

· A: Accepts exclusion as normal politics.

· B: Avoids warning signs.

· C: Challenges boundary-making language.

· D: Treats exclusion as symbolic only.

Roleplay 20 – Correct Answer: C

· A: Treats legality as the only ethical standard.

· B: Suppresses moral judgment.

· C: Questions whether legality is sufficient.

· D: Assumes others will intervene.

What Sabatoge US Intelligence Agencies Suggest Everyday People Use in 1945

If you belong to an oganization or a conference you can:

(1) Insist on doing everything through channels." Never permit short-cuts to be taken in order to expedite decisions. (2) Make "speeches." Talk as frequently as possible and at great length. Illustrate your "points" by long anecdotes and accounts of personal experiences. Never hesitate to make a few appropriate "patriotic" comments. (3) When possible, refer all matters to committees, for "further study and consideration." Attempt to make the committees as large as possible — never less than five. (4)Bring up irrelevant issues as frequently as possible. (5) Haggle over precise wordings of communications, minutes, resolutions.(6) Refer back to matters decided upon at the last meeting and attempt to re-open the question of the advisability of that decision. (7) Advocate "caution." Be reasonable" and urge your fellow-conferees to be "reasonable" and avoid haste which might result in embarrassments or difficulties later on. (8) Be worried about the good judgement of any decision — raise the question of whether such action as is contemplated lies within the jurisdiction of the group or whether it might conflict with the policy of some higher echelon.

For Managers and Supervisors:

(1) Demand written orders. (2) "Misunderstand" orders. Ask endless questions or engage in long correspondence about such orders. Quibble over them when you can. (3) Do everything possible to delay the delivery of orders. Even though parts of an order may be ready beforehand, don't deliver it until it is completely ready. (4) Don't order new working materials until your current stocks have been virtually exhausted, so that the slightest delay in filling your order will mean a shutdown. (5) Order high-quality materials which are hard to get. If you don't get them argue about it. Warn that inferior materials will mean inferior work. (6) In making work assignments, always sign out the unimportant jobs first. See that the important jobs are assigned to inefficient workers of poor machines. (7) Insist on perfect work in relatively unimportant products; send back for refinishing those which have the least flaw. Approve other defective parts whose flaws are not visible to the naked eye. (8) Make mistakes in routing so that parts and materials will be sent to the wrong place in the plant. (9) When training new workers, give in complete or misleading instructions. (10) To lower morale and with it, production, be pleasant to inefficient workers; give them undeserved promotions. (10) Discriminate against efficient workers; complain unjustly about their work. (11) Hold conferences when there is more critical work to be done.(12) Multiply paper work in plausible ways. Start duplicate files. (13) Multiply the procedures and clearances involved in issuing instructions, pay checks, and so on. See that three people have to approve everything where one would do. (14) Apply all regulations to the last letter.

If you are an office worker:

(1) Make mistakes in quantities of material when you are copying orders. Confuse similar names. Use wrong addresses. (2) Prolong correspondence with govern ment bureaus. (3) Misfile essential documents. (4) In making carbon copies, make one too few, so that an extra copying job will have to be done. (5) Tell important callers the boss is busy or talking on another telephone. (6) Hold up mail until the next collection. (7) Spread disturbing rumors that sound like inside dope.

If you are worker,

(1) Work slowly. Think out ways to increase the number of movements necessary on your job: use a light hammer instead of a heavy one, try to make a small wrench do when a big one is necessary, use little force where consider able force is needed, and so on. (2) Contrive as many interruptions to your work as you can: when changing the material on which you are working, as you would on a lathe or punch, take needless time to do it. (3) If you are cutting, shaping or doing other measured work, measure dimensions twice as often as you need to. (4) When you go to the lavatory, spend a longer time there than is necessary. (5) Forget tools so that you will have to go back after them. (6) Pretend that instructions are hard to understand, and ask to have them repeated more than once. Or pretend that you are particularly anxious to do your work, and pester the foreman with unnecessary questions. (6) Do your work poorly and blame it on bad tools, machinery, or equipment. Complain that these things are preventing you from doing your job right. (7) Never pass on your skill and experience to a new or less skillful worker. (8) Snarl up administration in every possible way. Fill out forms illegibly so that they will have to be done over; make mistakes or omit requested information in forms. (9) If possible, join or help organize a group for presenting employee problems to the man agement. See that the procedures adopted areas inconvenient as possible for the management, involving the presence of a large number of employees at each presentation, entailing more than one meeting for each grievance, bringing up problems which are largely imaginary, and so on. (10) Misroute materials. (11) Mix good parts with unusable scrap and

rejected parts. (12)

General Devices for Lowering Morale and Creating Confusion:

(1) Give lengthy and incomprehensible explanations when questioned. (b) Report imaginary spies or danger to the Gestapo or police. (c) Act stupid. (d) Be as irritable and quarrelsome as possible without getting yourself into trouble. (e) Become a stickler about such matters as rationing, transportation, and traffic regulations. (f) Complain against shoddy materials. (g) In public treat "those people" coldly. (h) Stop all conversation when they enter a cafe. (h) Cry and sob hysterically at every occasion, especially when confronted by government clerks. (i) Boycott all movies, entertainments, concerts, newspapers which are in any way connected with those people or the authorities. (k) Do not cooperate in salvage schemes.